This example includes an optional thermal simulation to include heating effects in the device's performance. Modeling a solar cell typically requires both optical and electrical simulations. Understand the simulation workflow and key results The example also explores the effect of heating due to optical absorption on the electrical performance of the solar cell. Key performance figures of merit such as short-circuit current, fill-factor, and photo-voltaic efficiency are calculated. This example describes the complete optoelectronic simulation of a simple 1D planar silicon solar cell using FDTD, CHARGE and HEAT.